Wilderness

The 5 C's of Survivability

Developed by survival expert Dave Canterbury, the 5 C's represent essential gear that is difficult to replicate in the wilderness.

Essential Gear Framework

The Philosophy

"The more you know, the less you carry. The less you know, the more you carry." The 5 C's multiply your survival capabilities.
C

Cutting Tool

The most important survival tool

A reliable cutting tool allows you to process wood for shelter and fire, prepare food, create cordage, and fashion other tools.

Recommended Gear

Fixed blade knife (4-6" blade)
Full tang construction
High carbon steel
Drop point or Scandinavian grind
Backup: folding knife

Primary Uses

•Batoning wood for fire
•Carving tools and stakes
•Processing game
•Cutting cordage
•Creating feather sticks
C

Combustion

Multiple reliable fire-starting methods

Fire provides warmth, water purification, signaling, psychological comfort, and cooking ability.

Recommended Gear

Ferrocerium rod (primary)
Bic lighter (backup)
Stormproof matches
Magnifying lens
Prepared tinder

Primary Uses

•Warmth and drying clothes
•Boiling water
•Cooking food
•Signaling for rescue
•Keeping predators away
C

Cover

Protection from the elements

Cover includes both what you wear and what you can build. A quality tarp allows rapid shelter construction.

Recommended Gear

Silnylon or ripstop nylon tarp
Emergency space blanket
Poncho with grommets
50-100 feet of paracord
Quality rain jacket

Primary Uses

•Quick shelter construction
•Rain and wind protection
•Ground cloth
•Water collection
•Improvised stretcher
C

Container

For water transport and boiling

A metal container allows you to carry water and boil it directly over fire for purification.

Recommended Gear

Stainless steel single-wall bottle
Nesting cup/pot
Wide mouth for easy filling
No insulation (must handle heat)
Backup: collapsible water bag

Primary Uses

•Water transport
•Boiling water for purification
•Cooking food
•Collecting water
•Making hot drinks
C

Cordage

For binding, building, and trapping

Quality cordage is extremely difficult to make in the wild. Carrying 50-100 feet enables shelter building and trapping.

Recommended Gear

550 paracord (100 feet minimum)
Inner strands = fishing line
Tarred bank line as backup
Bright color for signaling
Learn knot tying

Primary Uses

•Shelter ridgelines
•Lashing tools
•Trapping and snares
•Emergency repairs
•Fishing line

🪢 Essential Knots for Cordage

Bowline

IntermediateEssential
🪢

Creates a fixed loop that won't slip

1

Make a small loop in the standing part (the "rabbit hole")

Dave Canterbury later expanded the list for extended wilderness stays:

+
Candling Device

Headlamp/flashlight

+
Cotton Bandana

Filtering, bandaging, signaling

+
Compass

Navigation and direction finding

+
Cargo Tape

Repairs, waterproofing

+
Canvas Needle

Gear repair and sutures

Minimum Survival Kit

Cutting Tool

Combustion

Cover

Container

Cordage

These 5 items give you the capability to survive almost any situation.

"It's not the equipment that makes the survivalist —

it's the knowledge to use it."

— Dave Canterbury